ECONDEX

Economic and development data for every country, explained with the numbers checked.

Somalia, Fed. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa. Low income. Capital: Mogadishu. Population 19,654,739 (2025).

Key trends

GDP per person (PPP) (constant international $)
654 1,082 1,510 1995 2025 1,404
GDP growth (%)
−2.4 6.0 14.4 1995 2025 3.0
Life expectancy at birth (years)
33.0 45.7 58.4 1995 2024 59.0

Indicators

Each country reports for different years, so check the year beside every figure. Rank 1 is the highest value among countries with recent data.

Economy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
GDP per person (PPP)constant international $ 1,404 2025 +8 +60 197 of 199
GDP growth% 3.0% 2025 +5.8 pp −7.5 pp 115 of 209
GDP per person growth% −0.4% 2025 +6.0 pp −7.1 pp 185 of 209
GNI per person (Atlas method)current US$ 640 2025 +140 +200 195 of 201
Trade% of GDP 128.1% 2025 +52.4 pp +51.6 pp 36 of 183
Foreign direct investment, net inflows% of GDP 6.4% 2025 +0.2 pp +1.5 pp 32 of 195
Central government debt% of GDP 12.7% 2024 −34.6 pp – 48 of 48

Prices and jobs

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate)% of labour force 18.9% 2025 −0.5 pp +0.5 pp 9 of 186

People and health

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Populationpeople 19,654,739 2025 +3,003,548 +5,847,776 66 of 217
Population growth% annual 3.3% 2025 −0.5 pp −0.1 pp 8 of 217
Urban population% of total 55.1% 2025 +2.9 pp +11.3 pp 144 of 217
Life expectancy at birthyears 59.0 2024 +1.7 +4.5 212 of 217
Infant mortalityper 1,000 live births 65.4 2024 −9.6 −20.6 4 of 196
Health spending% of GDP 3.7% 2023 +1.2 pp +0.4 pp 161 of 193

Education

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Adult literacy rate% of people aged 15+ 54.1% 2022 −9.5 pp – 78 of 86
Government spending on education% of GDP 0.0% 2023 0.0 pp – 171 of 171

Access and infrastructure

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Internet users% of population 27.9% 2024 +25.2 pp +26.3 pp 171 of 185
Access to electricity% of population 54.4% 2024 +5.2 pp +3.0 pp 194 of 215

Environment and energy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Renewable energy% of final energy consumption 95.4% 2022 +0.5 pp +1.5 pp 2 of 212

* Latest figure is too old to be included in rankings or peer medians.

Advanced metrics

Indicator Own history Versus peers (latest) Growth and catch-up
10-yr meanZ-score Income group medianRegion medianVolatility (σ) 10-yr CAGR% of high-income median10 yrs earlier
GDP per person (PPP) 1,424 −0.3 1,964 3,781 61 +0.4% 3% 3%
GDP growth 4.9% −0.4 5.0% 4.6% 4.8 – – –
GDP per person growth 1.2% −0.4 2.4% 2.5% 4.6 – – –
GNI per person (Atlas method) 525 +2.0 830 1,355 59 +3.8% 2% 2%
Trade 84.3% +2.3 50.2% 59.9% 19.2 – – –
Foreign direct investment, net inflows 5.6% +1.2 2.8% 2.0% 0.7 – – –
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate) 18.9% +0.1 4.4% 5.4% 0.4 – – –
Population 16,364,808 +1.9 24,074,580 14,957,094 1,750,718 +3.6% 671% 525%
Population growth 3.5% −0.7 2.6% 2.3% 0.3 – – –
Urban population 50.8% +1.2 34.5% 44.9% 3.6 – – –
Life expectancy at birth 55.5 +1.9 63.8 64.3 1.9 – – –
Infant mortality 80.8 −1.7 43.0 37.2 9.1 – – –
Health spending 2.7% +3.1 4.9% 4.4% 0.3 – – –
Government spending on education 0.0% +1.8 2.8% 3.3% 0.0 – – –
Internet users 12.6% +1.3 20.5% 36.8% 11.9 – – –
Access to electricity 50.4% +3.7 43.7% 57.8% 1.1 – – –
Renewable energy 94.8% +1.3 76.9% 70.6% 0.5 – – –

Compare Somalia, Fed. Rep. with other countries