ECONDEX

Economic and development data for every country, explained with the numbers checked.

Iraq

Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan. Upper middle income. Capital: Baghdad. Population 47,020,774 (2025).

Key trends

GDP per person (PPP) (constant international $)
6,151 10,493 14,835 1995 2025 12,192
GDP growth (%)
−34.9 8.4 51.6 1995 2025 −2.2
Inflation, consumer prices (% annual)
−8.0 185.6 379.2 1995 2025 0.3
Life expectancy at birth (years)
64.2 68.2 72.3 1995 2024 72.4

Indicators

Each country reports for different years, so check the year beside every figure. Rank 1 is the highest value among countries with recent data.

Economy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
GDP per person (PPP)constant international $ 12,192 2025 −636 −1,324 124 of 199
GDP growth% −2.2% 2025 +9.9 pp −4.8 pp 204 of 209
GDP per person growth% −4.2% 2025 +9.8 pp −4.0 pp 206 of 209
GNI per person (Atlas method)current US$ 5,690 2025 +970 +230 122 of 201
Trade% of GDP 77.1% 2024 +8.1 pp +8.2 pp 103 of 183
Foreign direct investment, net inflows% of GDP −3.0% 2025 −1.4 pp +1.5 pp 189 of 195
Central government debt% of GDP 27.4% 2018 * 0.0 pp – –

Prices and jobs

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Inflation, consumer prices% annual 0.3% 2025 −0.3 pp −1.1 pp 161 of 180
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate)% of labour force 15.5% 2025 −0.3 pp +4.6 pp 15 of 186

People and health

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Populationpeople 47,020,774 2025 +4,904,169 +9,460,239 34 of 217
Population growth% annual 2.1% 2025 −0.1 pp −0.6 pp 43 of 217
Urban population% of total 69.9% 2025 +0.1 pp 0.0 pp 90 of 217
Life expectancy at birthyears 72.4 2024 +1.2 +2.7 132 of 217
Infant mortalityper 1,000 live births 20.1 2024 −3.4 −7.4 69 of 196
Health spending% of GDP 5.5% 2023 +1.5 pp +2.7 pp 117 of 193

Education

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Adult literacy rate% of people aged 15+ 84.1% 2021 +0.8 pp +6.9 pp 54 of 86

Access and infrastructure

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Internet users% of population 81.5% 2024 +37.1 pp +69.8 pp 99 of 185
Access to electricity% of population 100.0% 2024 0.0 pp +0.8 pp 42 of 215

Inequality and poverty

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Gini index (inequality)index, 0 to 100 29.8 2023 – +0.3 68 of 85
Poverty headcount ratio% of population, at the World Bank international poverty line 0.5% 2023 – −0.1 pp 56 of 85

Environment and energy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Renewable energy% of final energy consumption 1.1% 2021 +0.2 pp 0.0 pp 188 of 212

* Latest figure is too old to be included in rankings or peer medians.

Advanced metrics

Indicator Own history Versus peers (latest) Growth and catch-up
10-yr meanZ-score Income group medianRegion medianVolatility (σ) 10-yr CAGR% of high-income median10 yrs earlier
GDP per person (PPP) 13,724 −1.7 17,730 15,000 899 −1.0% 25% 30%
GDP growth 1.9% −0.6 3.2% 3.2% 6.8 – – –
GDP per person growth −0.4% −0.6 3.2% 1.9% 6.6 – – –
GNI per person (Atlas method) 5,221 +0.9 7,775 5,475 544 +0.4% 16% 20%
Trade 64.5% +2.2 79.8% 83.8% 5.6 – – –
Foreign direct investment, net inflows −2.3% −0.6 2.4% 2.0% 1.2 – – –
Inflation, consumer prices 2.1% −0.8 3.3% 1.8% 2.3 – – –
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate) 14.0% +0.8 5.5% 9.0% 2.0 – – –
Population 41,719,974 +1.9 6,549,143 11,520,684 2,855,297 +2.3% 1,605% 1,429%
Population growth 2.3% −1.3 0.5% 1.6% 0.2 – – –
Urban population 69.9% +2.9 65.4% 79.5% 0.0 – – –
Life expectancy at birth 70.5 +1.6 74.5 76.7 1.2 – – –
Infant mortality 24.0 −1.7 11.2 12.0 2.3 – – –
Health spending 4.1% +1.5 6.2% 5.6% 1.0 – – –
Internet users 43.0% +1.5 82.0% 86.6% 25.9 – – –
Access to electricity 99.8% +0.7 100.0% 100.0% 0.3 – – –
Renewable energy 1.0% +0.4 13.8% 3.7% 0.3 – – –

Compare Iraq with other countries