ECONDEX

Economic and development data for every country, explained with the numbers checked.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan. Lower middle income. Capital: Cairo. Population 118,365,995 (2025).

Key trends

GDP per person (PPP) (constant international $)
8,601 12,845 17,088 1995 2025 17,265
GDP growth (%)
1.9 4.5 7.0 1995 2025 4.4
Inflation, consumer prices (% annual)
3.7 18.5 33.3 1995 2025 14.1
Life expectancy at birth (years)
65.3 68.5 71.7 1995 2024 71.8

Indicators

Each country reports for different years, so check the year beside every figure. Rank 1 is the highest value among countries with recent data.

Economy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
GDP per person (PPP)constant international $ 17,265 2025 +1,956 +3,839 104 of 199
GDP growth% 4.4% 2025 +0.8 pp 0.0 pp 67 of 209
GDP per person growth% 2.8% 2025 +0.9 pp +0.6 pp 90 of 209
GNI per person (Atlas method)current US$ 3,260 2025 +300 +160 148 of 201
Trade% of GDP 51.3% 2025 +19.2 pp +16.5 pp 141 of 183
Foreign direct investment, net inflows% of GDP 4.2% 2025 +2.7 pp +2.1 pp 52 of 195
Central government debt% of GDP 85.8% 2007 * – – –

Prices and jobs

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Inflation, consumer prices% annual 14.1% 2025 +9.0 pp +3.7 pp 15 of 180
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate)% of labour force 6.8% 2025 −1.2 pp −6.3 pp 64 of 186

People and health

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Populationpeople 118,365,995 2025 +9,050,871 +18,768,653 13 of 217
Population growth% annual 1.6% 2025 −0.1 pp −0.5 pp 68 of 217
Urban population% of total 42.9% 2025 +0.4 pp +0.3 pp 167 of 217
Life expectancy at birthyears 71.8 2024 +0.6 +1.9 140 of 217
Infant mortalityper 1,000 live births 20.8 2024 −2.1 −3.7 67 of 196
Health spending% of GDP 4.9% 2023 +0.1 pp +0.2 pp 129 of 193

Education

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Adult literacy rate% of people aged 15+ 79.5% 2022 +8.3 pp +5.6 pp 56 of 86
Government spending on education% of GDP 3.8% 2008 * −1.2 pp −0.9 pp –

Access and infrastructure

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Internet users% of population 74.6% 2024 +17.4 pp +40.8 pp 115 of 185
Access to electricity% of population 100.0% 2024 0.0 pp +0.2 pp 29 of 215

Inequality and poverty

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Gini index (inequality)index, 0 to 100 28.5 2021 * −3.0 +0.2 –
Poverty headcount ratio% of population, at the World Bank international poverty line 1.4% 2021 * −1.7 pp +0.2 pp –

Environment and energy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Renewable energy% of final energy consumption 6.1% 2021 +1.0 pp +0.7 pp 164 of 212

* Latest figure is too old to be included in rankings or peer medians.

Advanced metrics

Indicator Own history Versus peers (latest) Growth and catch-up
10-yr meanZ-score Income group medianRegion medianVolatility (σ) 10-yr CAGR% of high-income median10 yrs earlier
GDP per person (PPP) 15,142 +1.7 6,095 15,000 1,225 +2.6% 35% 30%
GDP growth 4.3% +0.1 4.3% 3.2% 1.2 – – –
GDP per person growth 2.5% +0.2 2.7% 1.9% 1.2 – – –
GNI per person (Atlas method) 3,235 +0.1 2,750 5,475 471 +0.5% 9% 11%
Trade 37.4% +2.5 69.0% 83.8% 5.5 – – –
Foreign direct investment, net inflows 3.3% +0.3 1.9% 2.0% 3.1 – – –
Inflation, consumer prices 16.4% −0.2 3.6% 1.8% 10.4 – – –
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate) 9.1% −0.9 5.1% 9.0% 2.5 – – –
Population 108,213,765 +1.8 12,348,573 11,520,684 5,598,165 +1.7% 4,039% 3,790%
Population growth 1.8% −1.0 1.7% 1.6% 0.2 – – –
Urban population 42.6% +2.9 50.9% 79.5% 0.1 – – –
Life expectancy at birth 70.5 +1.7 67.9 76.7 0.8 – – –
Infant mortality 23.0 −2.1 28.7 12.0 1.0 – – –
Health spending 4.8% +0.3 4.5% 5.6% 0.3 – – –
Government spending on education 4.4% −1.2 – – 0.5 – – –
Internet users 55.2% +1.2 57.9% 86.6% 16.1 – – –
Access to electricity 99.9% +0.4 88.7% 100.0% 0.2 – – –
Renewable energy 5.5% +1.1 42.5% 3.7% 0.6 – – –

Compare Egypt, Arab Rep. with other countries