ECONDEX

Economic and development data for every country, explained with the numbers checked.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific. Lower middle income. Capital: Dili. Population 1,418,517 (2025).

Key trends

GDP per person (PPP) (constant international $)
2,231 4,481 6,731 1995 2025 4,110
GDP growth (%)
−33.6 11.3 56.2 1995 2025 7.0
Inflation, consumer prices (% annual)
−1.0 6.1 13.2 2003 2025 0.4
Life expectancy at birth (years)
45.7 56.6 67.5 1995 2024 67.9

Indicators

Each country reports for different years, so check the year beside every figure. Rank 1 is the highest value among countries with recent data.

Economy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
GDP per person (PPP)constant international $ 4,110 2025 −2,485 −358 169 of 199
GDP growth% 7.0% 2025 −24.8 pp +4.5 pp 20 of 209
GDP per person growth% 5.6% 2025 −23.6 pp +5.1 pp 21 of 209
GNI per person (Atlas method)current US$ 1,510 2025 −530 −670 173 of 201
Trade% of GDP 95.4% 2024 +24.8 pp +12.7 pp 68 of 183
Foreign direct investment, net inflows% of GDP 13.3% 2025 +29.5 pp +10.6 pp 11 of 195

Prices and jobs

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Inflation, consumer prices% annual 0.4% 2025 −0.1 pp −0.1 pp 158 of 180
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate)% of labour force 1.6% 2025 −1.2 pp −2.1 pp 173 of 186

People and health

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Populationpeople 1,418,517 2025 +92,464 +213,386 154 of 217
Population growth% annual 1.3% 2025 −0.6 pp −0.7 pp 82 of 217
Urban population% of total 28.8% 2025 −0.2 pp −0.7 pp 199 of 217
Life expectancy at birthyears 67.9 2024 +1.4 +2.9 168 of 217
Infant mortalityper 1,000 live births 34.6 2024 −5.0 −10.4 34 of 196
Health spending% of GDP 9.6% 2023 +3.2 pp +1.1 pp 34 of 193

Education

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Adult literacy rate% of people aged 15+ 69.4% 2022 +3.6 pp +11.1 pp 70 of 86
Government spending on education% of GDP 5.2% 2023 −1.6 pp −0.4 pp 45 of 171

Access and infrastructure

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Internet users% of population 35.0% 2021 * +13.8 pp +31.0 pp –
Access to electricity% of population 94.3% 2024 +3.7 pp +31.9 pp 156 of 215

Inequality and poverty

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Gini index (inequality)index, 0 to 100 28.7 2014 * +0.9 – –
Poverty headcount ratio% of population, at the World Bank international poverty line 44.0% 2014 * −16.1 pp – –

Environment and energy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Renewable energy% of final energy consumption 11.4% 2022 −1.8 pp −14.2 pp 140 of 212

* Latest figure is too old to be included in rankings or peer medians.

Advanced metrics

Indicator Own history Versus peers (latest) Growth and catch-up
10-yr meanZ-score Income group medianRegion medianVolatility (σ) 10-yr CAGR% of high-income median10 yrs earlier
GDP per person (PPP) 4,956 −0.8 6,095 13,961 1,019 −0.8% 8% 10%
GDP growth 1.5% +0.3 4.3% 3.6% 16.5 – – –
GDP per person growth −0.2% +0.4 2.7% 3.4% 16.0 – – –
GNI per person (Atlas method) 1,912 −2.1 2,750 7,690 189 −3.6% 4% 8%
Trade 76.9% +1.2 69.0% 98.8% 15.9 – – –
Foreign direct investment, net inflows −0.4% +1.7 1.9% 2.1% 7.9 – – –
Inflation, consumer prices 2.5% −0.7 3.6% 2.1% 3.1 – – –
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate) 2.9% −1.1 5.1% 3.0% 1.2 – – –
Population 1,309,246 +1.6 12,348,573 1,418,517 67,842 +1.6% 48% 46%
Population growth 1.7% −1.3 1.7% 0.6% 0.3 – – –
Urban population 29.0% −0.7 50.9% 65.4% 0.4 – – –
Life expectancy at birth 66.3 +1.9 67.9 73.0 0.9 – – –
Infant mortality 40.2 −1.8 28.7 13.9 3.0 – – –
Health spending 6.9% +2.4 4.5% 5.9% 1.2 – – –
Government spending on education 6.1% −0.4 4.0% 4.2% 2.0 – – –
Internet users 19.1% +1.7 – – 9.4 – – –
Access to electricity 85.7% +0.6 88.7% 100.0% 13.9 – – –
Renewable energy 15.8% −0.9 42.5% 11.4% 5.0 – – –

Compare Timor-Leste with other countries