ECONDEX

Economic and development data for every country, explained with the numbers checked.

Portugal

Europe & Central Asia. High income. Capital: Lisbon. Population 10,804,871 (2025).

Key trends

GDP per person (PPP) (constant international $)
29,723 36,019 42,315 1995 2025 42,577
GDP growth (%)
−7.9 −0.6 6.7 1995 2025 1.9
Inflation, consumer prices (% annual)
−0.7 3.5 7.7 1995 2025 2.3
Life expectancy at birth (years)
75.4 78.8 82.2 1995 2024 82.4

Indicators

Each country reports for different years, so check the year beside every figure. Rank 1 is the highest value among countries with recent data.

Economy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
GDP per person (PPP)constant international $ 42,577 2025 +5,725 +6,773 51 of 199
GDP growth% 1.9% 2025 +10.1 pp +0.3 pp 149 of 209
GDP per person growth% 0.8% 2025 +9.1 pp −1.2 pp 155 of 209
GNI per person (Atlas method)current US$ 29,930 2025 +8,020 +9,480 49 of 201
Trade% of GDP 86.4% 2025 +9.9 pp +5.8 pp 84 of 183
Foreign direct investment, net inflows% of GDP 3.5% 2025 +1.6 pp +2.8 pp 62 of 195

Prices and jobs

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Inflation, consumer prices% annual 2.3% 2025 +2.3 pp +1.8 pp 112 of 180
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate)% of labour force 6.2% 2025 −0.7 pp −6.2 pp 74 of 186

People and health

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Populationpeople 10,804,871 2025 +507,790 +446,795 89 of 217
Population growth% annual 1.0% 2025 +0.9 pp +1.4 pp 101 of 217
Urban population% of total 61.5% 2025 +0.4 pp +0.4 pp 122 of 217
Life expectancy at birthyears 82.4 2024 +0.7 +1.3 29 of 217
Infant mortalityper 1,000 live births 2.7 2024 −0.1 −0.2 176 of 196
Health spending% of GDP 10.2% 2024 +0.7 pp +0.9 pp 27 of 193

Education

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Adult literacy rate% of people aged 15+ 94.5% 2011 * – – –
Government spending on education% of GDP 4.6% 2022 −0.5 pp −0.4 pp 68 of 171

Access and infrastructure

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Internet users% of population 88.5% 2024 +13.1 pp +23.9 pp 68 of 185
Access to electricity% of population 100.0% 2024 0.0 pp 0.0 pp 72 of 215

Inequality and poverty

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Gini index (inequality)index, 0 to 100 33.9 2023 +0.4 −2.3 45 of 85
Poverty headcount ratio% of population, at the World Bank international poverty line 0.4% 2023 0.0 pp −0.6 pp 64 of 85

Environment and energy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Renewable energy% of final energy consumption 32.3% 2021 +3.3 pp +5.1 pp 77 of 212

* Latest figure is too old to be included in rankings or peer medians.

Advanced metrics

Indicator Own history Versus peers (latest) Growth and catch-up
10-yr meanZ-score Income group medianRegion medianVolatility (σ) 10-yr CAGR% of high-income median10 yrs earlier
GDP per person (PPP) 39,027 +1.6 49,305 42,577 2,247 +1.8% 86% 80%
GDP growth 2.2% −0.1 2.2% 2.1% 4.0 – – –
GDP per person growth 1.9% −0.3 1.7% 1.9% 3.9 – – –
GNI per person (Atlas method) 23,077 +2.6 37,020 26,410 2,639 +3.9% 83% 75%
Trade 86.5% 0.0 100.6% 100.8% 7.2 – – –
Foreign direct investment, net inflows 3.6% −0.1 2.1% 1.9% 1.4 – – –
Inflation, consumer prices 2.0% +0.2 2.3% 3.7% 2.4 – – –
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate) 7.8% −0.8 5.1% 5.6% 2.2 – – –
Population 10,392,001 +3.0 2,930,494 5,827,802 139,387 +0.4% 369% 394%
Population growth 0.3% +1.2 0.4% 0.3% 0.6 – – –
Urban population 61.2% +5.0 81.3% 69.3% 0.1 – – –
Life expectancy at birth 81.4 +2.6 81.3 79.9 0.4 – – –
Infant mortality 2.8 −1.3 3.6 3.4 0.1 – – –
Health spending 9.9% +0.6 8.0% 7.9% 0.7 – – –
Government spending on education 4.9% −1.7 4.5% 4.6% 0.2 – – –
Internet users 75.8% +1.8 93.5% 91.9% 7.0 – – –
Access to electricity 100.0% – 100.0% 100.0% 0.0 – – –
Gini index (inequality) 34.8 −0.8 31.8 31.8 1.2 – – –
Poverty headcount ratio 0.5% −0.4 0.4% 0.4% 0.3 – – –
Renewable energy 28.1% +1.9 11.4% 19.3% 2.2 – – –

Compare Portugal with other countries