ECONDEX

Economic and development data for every country, explained with the numbers checked.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa. Low income. Capital: Bamako. Population 25,198,821 (2025).

Key trends

GDP per person (PPP) (constant international $)
2,041 2,508 2,974 1995 2025 2,993
GDP growth (%)
−0.8 7.3 15.5 1995 2025 5.6
Inflation, consumer prices (% annual)
−2.8 5.2 13.1 1995 2025 3.3
Life expectancy at birth (years)
48.5 54.5 60.4 1995 2024 60.7

Indicators

Each country reports for different years, so check the year beside every figure. Rank 1 is the highest value among countries with recent data.

Economy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
GDP per person (PPP)constant international $ 2,993 2025 +197 +307 181 of 199
GDP growth% 5.6% 2025 +6.8 pp −0.6 pp 42 of 209
GDP per person growth% 2.6% 2025 +6.7 pp −0.4 pp 100 of 209
GNI per person (Atlas method)current US$ 1,120 2025 +190 +230 182 of 201
Trade% of GDP 48.8% 2025 −7.3 pp −4.8 pp 147 of 183
Foreign direct investment, net inflows% of GDP 2.8% 2025 +0.2 pp +1.0 pp 75 of 195

Prices and jobs

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Inflation, consumer prices% annual 3.3% 2025 +2.8 pp +1.8 pp 87 of 180
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate)% of labour force 2.8% 2025 −0.7 pp +1.4 pp 152 of 186

People and health

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Populationpeople 25,198,821 2025 +3,484,985 +6,605,799 58 of 217
Population growth% annual 2.9% 2025 −0.1 pp −0.2 pp 14 of 217
Urban population% of total 32.2% 2025 +3.2 pp +6.4 pp 190 of 217
Life expectancy at birthyears 60.7 2024 +1.5 +3.2 211 of 217
Infant mortalityper 1,000 live births 47.5 2024 −10.1 −20.7 16 of 196
Health spending% of GDP 3.8% 2023 +0.1 pp −0.2 pp 158 of 193

Education

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Adult literacy rate% of people aged 15+ 35.6% 2024 +0.2 pp +2.6 pp 85 of 86
Government spending on education% of GDP 4.2% 2023 +1.2 pp +1.4 pp 85 of 171

Access and infrastructure

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Internet users% of population 36.8% 2024 +11.8 pp +29.8 pp 160 of 185
Access to electricity% of population 49.5% 2024 +1.6 pp +15.3 pp 201 of 215

Inequality and poverty

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Gini index (inequality)index, 0 to 100 35.7 2021 * −0.3 +2.7 –
Poverty headcount ratio% of population, at the World Bank international poverty line 36.1% 2021 * +6.7 pp −27.2 pp –

Environment and energy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Renewable energy% of final energy consumption 71.1% 2022 −5.9 pp −10.1 pp 28 of 212

* Latest figure is too old to be included in rankings or peer medians.

Advanced metrics

Indicator Own history Versus peers (latest) Growth and catch-up
10-yr meanZ-score Income group medianRegion medianVolatility (σ) 10-yr CAGR% of high-income median10 yrs earlier
GDP per person (PPP) 2,823 +2.4 1,964 3,781 71 +1.1% 6% 6%
GDP growth 4.3% +0.6 5.0% 4.6% 2.1 – – –
GDP per person growth 1.1% +0.7 2.4% 2.5% 2.0 – – –
GNI per person (Atlas method) 944 +3.0 830 1,355 59 +2.3% 3% 3%
Trade 54.3% −1.5 50.2% 59.9% 3.8 – – –
Foreign direct investment, net inflows 2.8% 0.0 2.8% 2.0% 0.7 – – –
Inflation, consumer prices 1.9% +0.4 5.9% 3.5% 3.3 – – –
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate) 2.5% +0.3 4.4% 5.4% 1.0 – – –
Population 21,453,058 +1.9 24,074,580 14,957,094 1,978,768 +3.1% 860% 708%
Population growth 3.1% −1.9 2.6% 2.3% 0.1 – – –
Urban population 28.7% +1.8 34.5% 44.9% 2.0 – – –
Life expectancy at birth 58.9 +2.0 63.8 64.3 0.9 – – –
Infant mortality 58.7 −1.7 43.0 37.2 6.4 – – –
Health spending 3.8% −0.1 4.9% 4.4% 0.3 – – –
Government spending on education 3.2% +2.4 2.8% 3.3% 0.4 – – –
Internet users 23.1% +1.3 20.5% 36.8% 10.5 – – –
Access to electricity 45.6% +0.5 43.7% 57.8% 8.2 – – –
Renewable energy 78.3% −1.6 76.9% 70.6% 4.6 – – –

Compare Mali with other countries