ECONDEX

Economic and development data for every country, explained with the numbers checked.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean. Upper middle income. Capital: Kingston. Population 2,837,077 (2025).

Key trends

GDP per person (PPP) (constant international $)
9,660 10,512 11,364 1995 2025 11,358
GDP growth (%)
−8.0 −0.9 6.1 1995 2025 0.1
Inflation, consumer prices (% annual)
2.9 14.4 25.9 1995 2025 4.0
Life expectancy at birth (years)
69.2 70.8 72.4 1995 2024 71.6

Indicators

Each country reports for different years, so check the year beside every figure. Rank 1 is the highest value among countries with recent data.

Economy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
GDP per person (PPP)constant international $ 11,358 2025 +1,466 +1,426 128 of 199
GDP growth% 0.1% 2025 +8.4 pp −0.8 pp 193 of 209
GDP per person growth% 0.2% 2025 +8.7 pp −0.4 pp 173 of 209
GNI per person (Atlas method)current US$ 7,790 2025 +2,430 +2,850 104 of 201
Foreign direct investment, net inflows% of GDP 1.2% 2025 −0.5 pp −4.9 pp 133 of 195
Central government debt% of GDP 97.9% 2020 * −20.3 pp −38.4 pp –

Prices and jobs

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Inflation, consumer prices% annual 4.0% 2025 −1.2 pp +0.3 pp 58 of 180
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate)% of labour force 3.3% 2025 −3.2 pp −5.5 pp 137 of 186

People and health

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Populationpeople 2,837,077 2025 +6,338 +34,543 140 of 217
Population growth% annual −0.1% 2025 −0.3 pp −0.4 pp 177 of 217
Urban population% of total 59.4% 2025 +2.3 pp +4.2 pp 129 of 217
Life expectancy at birthyears 71.6 2024 +0.1 −0.8 142 of 217
Infant mortalityper 1,000 live births 16.4 2024 −0.8 −0.8 79 of 196
Health spending% of GDP 7.6% 2023 +0.8 pp +1.3 pp 71 of 193

Education

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Adult literacy rate% of people aged 15+ 79.9% 1999 * – – –
Government spending on education% of GDP 5.5% 2024 +0.4 pp −0.5 pp 31 of 171

Access and infrastructure

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Internet users% of population 90.1% 2024 +19.3 pp +49.7 pp 55 of 185
Access to electricity% of population 97.7% 2024 −1.2 pp +4.4 pp 143 of 215

Inequality and poverty

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Gini index (inequality)index, 0 to 100 39.9 2021 * +4.6 – –
Poverty headcount ratio% of population, at the World Bank international poverty line 1.4% 2021 * +1.0 pp – –

Environment and energy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Renewable energy% of final energy consumption 10.5% 2021 −0.6 pp +0.7 pp 144 of 212

* Latest figure is too old to be included in rankings or peer medians.

Advanced metrics

Indicator Own history Versus peers (latest) Growth and catch-up
10-yr meanZ-score Income group medianRegion medianVolatility (σ) 10-yr CAGR% of high-income median10 yrs earlier
GDP per person (PPP) 10,611 +1.4 17,730 23,315 545 +1.4% 23% 22%
GDP growth 1.6% −0.4 3.2% 3.2% 4.0 – – –
GDP per person growth 1.5% −0.3 3.2% 2.2% 4.1 – – –
GNI per person (Atlas method) 5,821 +2.6 7,775 12,705 764 +4.7% 22% 18%
Foreign direct investment, net inflows 3.6% −1.2 2.4% 2.5% 2.0 – – –
Central government debt 121.4% −1.2 – – 19.1 – – –
Inflation, consumer prices 5.1% −0.5 3.3% 2.5% 2.2 – – –
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate) 5.7% −1.2 5.5% 6.0% 2.1 – – –
Population 2,825,811 +0.8 6,549,143 3,010,956 13,546 +0.1% 97% 107%
Population growth 0.2% −2.0 0.5% 0.5% 0.1 – – –
Urban population 57.0% +2.0 65.4% 72.0% 1.3 – – –
Life expectancy at birth 71.5 +0.1 74.5 75.7 0.9 – – –
Infant mortality 17.1 −4.1 11.2 12.0 0.2 – – –
Health spending 7.1% +0.7 6.2% 6.8% 0.8 – – –
Government spending on education 5.5% +0.2 4.1% 3.9% 0.2 – – –
Internet users 65.5% +1.3 82.0% 79.9% 18.7 – – –
Access to electricity 97.7% 0.0 100.0% 99.8% 2.2 – – –
Renewable energy 10.9% −0.4 13.8% 12.8% 1.2 – – –

Compare Jamaica with other countries