ECONDEX

Economic and development data for every country, explained with the numbers checked.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia. High income. Capital: Sofia. Population 6,433,302 (2025).

Key trends

GDP per person (PPP) (constant international $)
12,421 23,640 34,859 1995 2025 35,326
GDP growth (%)
−13.7 −3.1 7.4 1995 2025 3.1
Inflation, consumer prices (% annual)
19.8 528.3 1,036.8 1995 2025 4.6
Life expectancy at birth (years)
70.5 73.1 75.7 1995 2024 75.8

Indicators

Each country reports for different years, so check the year beside every figure. Rank 1 is the highest value among countries with recent data.

Economy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
GDP per person (PPP)constant international $ 35,326 2025 +6,804 +10,763 65 of 199
GDP growth% 3.1% 2025 +6.2 pp −0.3 pp 109 of 209
GDP per person growth% 3.2% 2025 +5.4 pp −1.5 pp 74 of 209
GNI per person (Atlas method)current US$ 17,780 2025 +7,690 +10,250 73 of 201
Trade% of GDP 102.5% 2025 −7.9 pp −24.2 pp 58 of 183
Foreign direct investment, net inflows% of GDP 3.7% 2025 −0.2 pp −0.6 pp 57 of 195

Prices and jobs

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Inflation, consumer prices% annual 4.6% 2025 +2.9 pp +4.7 pp 47 of 180
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate)% of labour force 3.5% 2025 −1.5 pp −5.6 pp 128 of 186

People and health

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Populationpeople 6,433,302 2025 −117,394 −550,923 111 of 217
Population growth% annual −0.1% 2025 +0.9 pp +1.1 pp 181 of 217
Urban population% of total 74.2% 2025 +0.8 pp +1.1 pp 76 of 217
Life expectancy at birthyears 75.8 2024 +0.6 +1.3 101 of 217
Infant mortalityper 1,000 live births 4.6 2024 −0.9 −2.7 152 of 196
Health spending% of GDP 7.9% 2023 +0.6 pp +0.8 pp 64 of 193

Education

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Adult literacy rate% of people aged 15+ 98.4% 2011 * – +0.2 pp –
Government spending on education% of GDP 4.5% 2022 +0.4 pp +1.0 pp 71 of 171

Access and infrastructure

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Internet users% of population 82.4% 2024 +14.5 pp +26.9 pp 93 of 185
Access to electricity% of population 100.0% 2024 +0.8 pp +4.1 pp 19 of 215

Inequality and poverty

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Gini index (inequality)index, 0 to 100 39.5 2023 −1.8 +2.9 21 of 85
Poverty headcount ratio% of population, at the World Bank international poverty line 1.0% 2023 −0.5 pp −2.3 pp 44 of 85

Environment and energy

IndicatorLatestYear 5-yr change10-yr change RankTrend
Renewable energy% of final energy consumption 20.4% 2021 +2.7 pp +7.2 pp 105 of 212

* Latest figure is too old to be included in rankings or peer medians.

Advanced metrics

Indicator Own history Versus peers (latest) Growth and catch-up
10-yr meanZ-score Income group medianRegion medianVolatility (σ) 10-yr CAGR% of high-income median10 yrs earlier
GDP per person (PPP) 29,294 +1.8 49,305 42,577 3,282 +3.7% 72% 55%
GDP growth 2.9% +0.1 2.2% 2.1% 2.7 – – –
GDP per person growth 3.9% −0.2 1.7% 1.9% 2.7 – – –
GNI per person (Atlas method) 10,605 +2.5 37,020 26,410 2,879 +9.0% 49% 28%
Trade 123.4% −2.4 100.6% 100.8% 8.7 – – –
Foreign direct investment, net inflows 3.6% +0.1 2.1% 1.9% 1.0 – – –
Inflation, consumer prices 3.9% +0.1 2.3% 3.7% 4.9 – – –
Unemployment (modelled ILO estimate) 5.5% −1.2 5.1% 5.6% 1.7 – – –
Population 6,642,047 −1.1 2,930,494 5,827,802 196,730 −0.8% 220% 266%
Population growth −0.9% +1.7 0.4% 0.3% 0.5 – – –
Urban population 73.5% +2.6 81.3% 69.3% 0.3 – – –
Life expectancy at birth 74.3 +1.1 81.3 79.9 1.3 – – –
Infant mortality 5.8 −1.5 3.6 3.4 0.8 – – –
Health spending 7.6% +0.6 8.0% 7.9% 0.5 – – –
Government spending on education 4.1% +1.2 4.5% 4.6% 0.3 – – –
Internet users 67.3% +1.7 93.5% 91.9% 8.9 – – –
Access to electricity 98.5% +1.0 100.0% 100.0% 1.5 – – –
Gini index (inequality) 39.3 +0.1 31.8 31.8 1.6 – – –
Poverty headcount ratio 2.2% −1.0 0.4% 0.4% 1.2 – – –
Renewable energy 17.7% +1.2 11.4% 19.3% 2.2 – – –

Compare Bulgaria with other countries